C# Tutorials
C# Introduction
C# Syntax
C# Comments
C# Variables
C# DataTypes
C# Operators
C# Strings
C# Math
C# Booleans
C# If..else
C# Switch
C# WhileLoop
C# For Loop
C# Break
C# Arrays
C# Methods
C# Methods
C# Method Parameters
C# Method Overloading
C# Classes
C# OOP
C# Classes/Objects
C# Class Members
C# Access Modifiers
C# Properties
C# Inheritance
C# Polymorphism
C# Abstraction
C# Interface
C# Enums
C# Files
C# Exceptions
C# Examples
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C# Class Members
Fields and methods within classes are often referred to as "Class Members":
Example
Create a Car class with three class members: two fields and one method.
// The class
class MyClass
{
// Class members
string color = "red"; // field
int maxSpeed = 200; // field
public void fullThrottle() // method
{
Console.WriteLine("The car is going as fast as it can!");
}
}
Fields
In the previous chapter, you learned that the variables within a class are called fields, and that you can access them by creating a class object, and using the dot syntax (.).
The following example will create a Car class item, with the name myObj. Then print the field color value and maxSpeed:
Example
class Car
{
string color = "red";
int maxSpeed = 200;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Car myObj = new Car();
Console.WriteLine(myObj.color);
Console.WriteLine(myObj.maxSpeed);
}
}
You can also leave fields blank, and change them when you create an item:
Example
class Car
{
string color;
int maxSpeed;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Car myObj = new Car();
myObj.color = "red";
myObj.maxSpeed = 200;
Console.WriteLine(myObj.color);
Console.WriteLine(myObj.maxSpeed);
}
}This is especially important if you are creating multiple items in one category:
Example
class Car
{
string model;
string color;
int year;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Car Ford = new Car();
Ford.model = "Mustang";
Ford.color = "red";
Ford.year = 1969;
Car Opel = new Car();
Opel.model = "Astra";
Opel.color = "white";
Opel.year = 2005;
Console.WriteLine(Ford.model);
Console.WriteLine(Opel.model);
}
}Object Methods
You learned in Chapter C# Methods that methods are used to perform certain actions.
Methods are usually classical, and describe how a class object behaves.
As fields, you can access paths with a dot syntax. However, note that the path must be public. Also remember that we use the method name followed by two parantheses () and a semicolon ; to call (exit) method:
Example
class Car
{
string color; // field
int maxSpeed; // field
public void fullThrottle() // method
{
Console.WriteLine("The car is going as fast as it can!");
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Car myObj = new Car();
myObj.fullThrottle(); // Call the method
}
}Use Multiple Classes
Remember from the last chapter, that we can use more classes to get better organized (one for fields and routes, and one for practice). This is recommended:
prog2.cs
class Car
{
public string model;
public string color;
public int year;
public void fullThrottle()
{
Console.WriteLine("The car is going as fast as it can!");
}
}
prog.cs
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Car Ford = new Car();
Ford.model = "Mustang";
Ford.color = "red";
Ford.year = 1969;
Car Opel = new Car();
Opel.model = "Astra";
Opel.color = "white";
Opel.year = 2005;
Console.WriteLine(Ford.model);
Console.WriteLine(Opel.model);
}
}