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Python JSON
JSON is a syntax for storing and exchanging data.
JSON is a text, written object of JavaScript.
JSON in Python
Python has a built-in package called json, which can be used to work with JSON data.
Example
Import the json module:
import json
Parse JSON - Convert from JSON to Python
If you have a JSON series, you can analyze it using the json.loads() method.
The result will be a Python dictionary.
Example
Convert from JSON to Python:
import json
# some JSON:
x = '{ "name":"John", "age":30, "city":"New
York"}'
# parse x:
y = json.loads(x)
# the result is a
Python dictionary:
print(y["age"])
Convert from Python to JSON
If you have Python objects, you can convert it to a JSON character unit using the json.dumps() method.
Example
Convert from Python to JSON:
import json
# a Python object (dict):
x = {
"name":
"John",
"age": 30,
"city": "New York"
}
#
convert into JSON:
y = json.dumps(x)
# the result is a JSON string:
print(y)
You can convert Python objects of the following types into JSON cables:
- dict
- list
- tuple
- string
- int
- float
- True
- False
- None
Example
Convert Python objects into JSON strings, and print the values:
import json
print(json.dumps({"name": "John", "age": 30}))
print(json.dumps(["apple",
"bananas"]))
print(json.dumps(("apple", "bananas")))
print(json.dumps("hello"))
print(json.dumps(42))
print(json.dumps(31.76))
print(json.dumps(True))
print(json.dumps(False))
print(json.dumps(None))
When converting from Python to JSON, Python objects are converted to JSON (JavaScript) equivalent:
| Python | JSON |
|---|---|
| dict | Object |
| list | Array |
| tuple | Array |
| str | String |
| int | Number |
| float | Number |
| True | true |
| False | false |
| None | null |
Example
Convert a Python object containing all the legal data types:
import json
x = {
"name":
"John",
"age": 30,
"married": True,
"divorced": False,
"children": ("Ann","Billy"),
"pets":
None,
"cars": [
{"model": "BMW 230", "mpg":
27.5},
{"model": "Ford Edge", "mpg": 24.1}
]
}
print(json.dumps(x))
Format the Result
The example above prints a JSON alphabet unit, but it is not very easy to read, without backing up and breaking the line.
The json.dumps() method has parameters to make it easier to read the result:
Example
Use the indent parameter to define the numbers of indents:
json.dumps(x, indent=4)
You can also define separators, the default value (",", ":"), which means to use comma and space to separate each item, and colon and space to separate keys in values.
Example
Use the separators parameter to change the default separator:
json.dumps(x, indent=4, separators=(". ", " = "))
Order the Result
The json.dumps() method has key order components in the result:
Example
Use the sort_keys parameter to specify if the result should be sorted or not:
json.dumps(x, indent=4, sort_keys=True)